Mr. Hanif Tayyab was educated in Madrasatul Islam Kharader and did his matriculation from Qureshi High School. He got admitted to D.J. Science College but later opted for arts and got Masters degree in Islamic Studies from Karachi University. He also received LL.B. degree from Urdu Law College, but he did not go for the legal profession. He preferred the field of social service and politics. He established Anjuman-e-Tulba-e-Islam and served as its Founder President. He also worked with Maulana Abdul Sattar Edhi for sometimes. He then joined Jamiat-e-Ulemai Pakistan and served as General Secretary of the Karachi branch. In 1975, he was elected as a member of the National Assembly. In 1977, he was again elected to the National Assembly. In 1983, he was elected on the seat reserved for Karachi Municipal Corporation.
He was elected member of the National Assembly in the non-party elections held in 1985. In 1985, he became Federal Minister. His portfolios were changed from time to time but he continued as a minister. He remained Federal Minister for more than 3 years and got varied experience of Ministry for Labour, Manpower & Overseas Pakistanis, National Resources, Environment etc. He took part in a number of international conferences and traveled to Indonesia, Kenya, India, Iran, Saudi Arabia, UK, USA, Iraq & Holland etc. For 5 times he was elected President of All Pakistan Memon Federation. He rendered his social services under the banner of Al-Mustafa Welfare Trust to the people of Pakistan.